Experienced by the scenic and beautiful mountains in Maharashtra, India, Karnala fort stands as testament to the region's rich historical legacy and breathtaking natural beauty. It's known for its bird sanctuary and is a popular trekking destination. The fort dates back to the 12th century and has significance in the history of the Maratha empire. It is situated at an elevation of above 1500 feet above sea level and offers panoramic views of the surrounding area for architecture and strategic location, but also a thrilling trekking experience for adventure enthusiasts.
How to Reach & Base Camp fo Karnala Fort
- By Road: Karnala Fort is approximately 60 km away from by road from Mumbai & 124 km from Pune. You can drive or take a bus/taxi to reach towards Karnala Bird Sanctuary.
- By Train: The nearest railway station is Panvel. From there, you can hire a taxi or take a bus to Karnala Bird Sanctuary which is about 13 km approx.
- Trek Route: Once at Karnala Bird Sanctuary, there's a well-marked trail leading to the fort. The trek is of moderate difficulty and takes around 1-2 hours to reach the top, depending on your pace.
- Price of Tickets: Children 30₹, Adults 60₹, if you are a college student, your ticket price will be free.
- Parking Charges: Bikes 50₹, Car 115₹, Bus 215₹.
Karnala Trek Description
The trek to Karnala fort is easy trek, suitable for both beginners and seasoned trekkers alike. The ascent involves traversing through lush greenery, rocky terrain, and ancient stone pathways, offering panoramic views of the surrounding landscape.
- Difficulty: Moderate
- Altitude: 1500 feet
- Time Taken: On average, it takes about 2 - 3 hour to complete the trek both ways, depending on your pace and the chosen trail.
Basic Trek Tips
Before embarking on the trek to Karnala Fort, it's essential to keep the following tips in mind:
- Wear Proper Footwear: Choose comfortable and sturdy trekking shoes to navigate through uneven terrain.
- Carry Ample Water: Ensure to carry an adequate supply of water to stay hydrated throughout the trek, especially during summers. There are local restaurant where you can buy a refill as well and washroom facilities are also given in the bird sanctuary since you won't find the amenities once you start the trek.
- Pack Light: Travel light with essential items like snacks, a first aid kit, and sunscreen.
- Start Early: Begin the trek early in the morning to avoid the heat and to witness breathtaking sunrise views from the fort.
- Follow Safety Guidelines: Stay on designated paths, avoid risky shortcuts, and be cautious while navigating rocky patches as they are slippery.
About Karnala Fort
Karnala fort has a rich history dating back to the 12th century when it was under the control of the Devagiri Yadavs. Later, it was conquered by various rulers including the Mughals, Marathas, and the British.
Karnala fort actually consists of two forts, one at a higher level and the other lower. At the center of the higher level is a 125 feet high basalt pillar, also called Pandu's tower. This structure was used as a watchtower when the fort was occupied; however, now it is in a ruined condition. The presence of bee hives also makes it difficult to climb and has resulted in at least one casualty in recent times. There is a water cistern which provides fresh water all year long. From the top, the forts of Prabalgad, Manikgad, Haji Malang, Chanderi fort, Matheran, Sankshi fort, Dronagiri fort, and Rajmachi are clearly visible.
Karnala Fort served as an important strategic point for trade routes between the Konkan coast and the Deccan plateau. It also played a role in the defense of nearby forts and territories.
Historical Facts About Karnala Fort
The fort was likely constructed before 1400, under Devagiri Yadavs (1248–1318) and the Tughlaq rulers (1318–1347). Karnala was the capital of the north Konkan districts of their respective empires. It later fell under the command of the Gujarat Sultanate but in 1540 was taken over by Nizam Shah of Ahmednagar. The Gujarat sultans then requested the help of Dom Francisco de Menenzes, the commanding officer of the Portuguese at Bassein (modern-day Vasai) to win it back. He ordered 500 of his soldiers to Karnala fort, and they were able to capture it. The fort was left in charge of the Gujarat Sultanate but with Portuguese garrisons.
One of the most significant periods in Karnala Fort's history was during the Maratha rule. It was captured by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj in 1670, who recognized its strategic importance. The Marathas strengthened the fortifications and used it as a strategic outpost to guard the nearby territory.
Best time to visit
The best time to visit Karnala Fort is during the winter months, from November to February. During this time, the weather is pleasant with cooler temperatures, making it ideal for trekking and exploring the fort without the discomfort of extreme heat or rainfall. Additionally, the winter months coincide with the migratory bird season, making it a great time for birdwatching in the nearby Karnala Bird Sanctuary. However, it's essential to check the weather forecast and trail conditions before planning your visit to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience.
